Important Influencers: Jean Piaget (1896-1980); Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934); John Dewey (1859-1952)

Continuous interaction between the environment and an individual influences learning. New information builds on existing knowledge.

Important Influencers: John B. Watson (1878-1958); B F Skinner (1904-1990)

Environment influences learning. Punishment and reward can be used to influence a learners behavior.

Important Influencer: Erik Erikson (1902-1994)

Social and psychological stages of humans. He suggested how personality and psychological skills develop in the individual.

Important Influencers: Max Horkheimer (1895-1973); Derrick Bell (1930-2011)

The social order that exists is not necessarily the best for all. Domination and authority must be examined in an understanding of society.

Includes - Critical Theory, Critical Race Theory, Queer Theory and others

Important Influencer: Jean Piaget (1896-1980)

Teaching must be appropriate to the child’s age. He suggested how cognitive thinking skills develop in an individual.

Important Influencers: Theodore Brameld (1904-1987); George Counts (1889-1974)

Centered on social reform.

The purpose of education is to build a better society.

Important Non-religious Influencers: Mortimer Adler (1902-2001); Robert Hutchins (1899-1977)

Subject Centered - Master content and reasoning skills.

Education should focus on knowledge, human values, and the great ideas of Western civilizations that have stood the test of time.

Important Influencers: John Dewey (1859- 1952); Frances Parker (1837-1902)

Child centered- individuality, cooperative learning, personal interest

Students actively engage in their own learning through experiment and problem solving.

Important Influencer: William Bagley (1874-1946)

Subject Centered - Ideas are taught from simple to complex

There are basic skills and knowledge all students should know.

John Dewey (1859-1952)

The Father of American Education

Albert Bandura (1925-2021)

Social skills require interaction with others.

Abraham Maslow (1908-1970)

Basic human needs must be met before abstract desires can be addressed .

Benjamin Bloom (1913-1999)

Humans learn in progression; from simple to complex concepts.